Project Lyra: Catching 1I/'Oumuamua -- Using Laser Sailcraft in 2030

Abstract: Discovered in October 2017, the interstellar object designated 1I/'Oumuamua was the first such object to be observed travelling through our solar system. 1I/'Oumuamua has other characteristics never seen before in a celestial body and in-situ observations and measurements would be of extraordinary scientific value. Previous studies have demonstrated the viability of spacecraft trajectories to 'Oumuamua using chemical propulsion with a Solar Oberth burn at a perihelion as low as a few solar radii. In addition to chemical propulsion, there is also the possibility of missions involving light sails accelerated by the radiation pressure of a laser beam from a laser located on Earth. Based on a scaled-down Breakthrough Starshot beaming infrastructure, interplanetary missions and missions to the outer solar system have been proposed using lower sailcraft speeds of 0.001c relaxing the laser power requirements (3-30 GW for 1-100 kg spacecraft) and various other mission constraints. This paper uses the OITS trajectory simulation tool, which assumes an impulsive $\Delta$V increment, to analyze the trajectories which might be followed by a sailcraft to 'Oumuamua, with a launch in the year 2030 and assuming it has already been accelerated to a maximum speed of 300km/s (approx. 0.001c) by the laser. A minimum flight duration of 440 days for a launch in July 2030 is found. The intercept would take place beyond 82 AU. We conclude that the possibility of launching a large number of spacecraft and reaching 1I much faster than chemical propulsion would circumvent several disadvantages of previously proposed mission architectures.