Using ray-traversal for 3D particle matching in the context of particle tracking velocimetry in fluid mechanics

Abstract: An innovative method based on the traversal of rays, originating from detected particles, through a three-dimensional grid of voxels is presented. The methodology has as main advantage that the outcome of the method is independent of the order of the input; the order of the cameras and the order of the rays presented as input to the algorithm does not influence the outcome. The algorithm finds matches in decreasing value of match quality, ensuring that globally best matches are matched before worse matches. The time complexity of the algorithm is found to scale efficiently with the number of cameras and particles. A variety of show-cases are given to exemplify the algorithm for different geometries and different number of cameras. The method is designed for the tracking of tracer or inertial particles in fluid mechanics, for which the particle size generally ranges from O({\mu}m)--O(cm). The method, however, does not impose a size limit on the particles.