Dynamical spin excitations of topological Haldane gapped phase in the $S=1$ Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain with single-ion anisotropy

Abstract: We study the dynamical spin excitations of the one-dimensional $S=1$ Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain with single-ion anisotropy by using quantum Monte Carlo simulations and stochastic analytic continuation of imaginary-time correlation function. Using the transverse dynamic spin structure factor, we observe the quantum phase transition with a critical point between the topological Haldane gapped phase and the trivial phase. At the quantum critical point, we find a broad continuum characterized by the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid similar to a $S=1/2$ Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain. We further identify that the elementary excitations are fractionalized spinons.