New physics and tau $g-2$ using LHC heavy ion collisions

Abstract: The anomalous magnetic moment of the tau lepton $a_\tau = (g_\tau -2)/2$ strikingly evades measurement, but is highly sensitive to new physics such as compositeness or supersymmetry. We propose using ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions at the LHC to probe modified magnetic $\delta a_\tau$ and electric dipole moments $\delta d_\tau$. We introduce a suite of one electron/muon plus track(s) analyses, leveraging the exceptionally clean photon fusion $\gamma\gamma \to \tau\tau$ events to reconstruct both leptonic and hadronic tau decays sensitive to $\delta a_\tau, \delta d_\tau$. Assuming 10% systematic uncertainties, the current 2 nb$^{-1}$ lead-lead dataset could already provide constraints of $-0.0080 < a_\tau < 0.0046$ at 68% CL. This surpasses 15 year old lepton collider precision by a factor of three while opening novel avenues to new physics.