Cooperative Light Emission in the Presence of Strong Inhomogeneous Broadening

Abstract: We study photon emission by an ensemble of two-level systems, with strong inhomogeneous broadening and coupled to a cavity mode whose frequency has linear time-dependence. The analysis shows that, regardless the distribution of energy level splittings, a sharp phase transition occurs between the weak and strong cooperative emission phases near a critical photonic frequency sweeping rate. The associated scaling exponent is determined. We suggest that this phase transition can be observed in an ensemble of negatively charged NV centers in diamond interacting with a microwave half-wavelength cavity mode even in the regime of weak coupling and at strong disorder of two-level splittings.