Limitations of Chemical Propulsion for Interstellar Escape from Habitable Zones around Low-Mass Stars

Abstract: The habitable zones of low-mass stars are characterized by escape speeds that can be a few times higher than the Earth's orbit around the Sun. Owing to the exponential dependence of the required fuel mass on the terminal speed for chemical rockets, interstellar travel may not be easy for technological species inhabiting planets around M-dwarfs.