Properties of the Free Energy Density Using the Principle of Maximum Conformality

Abstract: We present a detailed study on the properties of the free energy density at the high temperature by applying the principle of maximum conformality (PMC) scale-setting method within the effective field theory. The PMC utilizes the renormalization group equation recursively to identify the occurrence and pattern of the non-conformal ${\beta_i}$-terms, and determines the optimal renormalization scale at each order. Our analysis shows that a more accurate free energy density up to $g_s^5$-order level without renormalization scale dependence can be achieved by applying the PMC. We also observe that by using a smaller factorization scale around the effective parameter $m_E$, the PMC prediction shall be consistent with the Lattice QCD prediction derived at the low temperature.