Regularity of radial stable solutions to semilinear elliptic equations for the fractional Laplacian

Abstract: We study the regularity of stable solutions to the problem $$ \left{ \begin{array}{rcll} (-\Delta)^s u &=& f(u) & \text{in} \quad B_1\,, u &\equiv&0 & \text{in} \quad \mathbb R^n\setminus B_1\,, \end{array} \right. $$ where $s\in(0,1)$. Our main result establishes an $L^\infty$ bound for stable and radially decreasing $H^s$ solutions to this problem in dimensions $2 \leq n < 2(s+2+\sqrt{2(s+1)})$. In particular, this estimate holds for all $s\in(0,1)$ in dimensions $2 \leq n\leq 6$. It applies to all nonlinearities $f\in C^2$. For such parameters $s$ and $n$, our result leads to the regularity of the extremal solution when $f$ is replaced by $\lambda f$ with $\lambda > 0$. This is a widely studied question for $s=1$, which is still largely open in the nonradial case both for $s=1$ and $s<1$.