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Divisors on overlapped intervals and multiplicative functions

Published 27 Sep 2017 in math.NT | (1709.09621v2)

Abstract: Consider the real numbers $$ \ell_{n,k} = \ln\left( \tfrac{3}{2}\,k+\sqrt{\left(\tfrac{3}{2}\,k \right)2 + 3\,n} \right) $$ and the intervals $\mathcal{L}{n,k} = \left]\ell{n,k}-\ln 3,\ell_{n,k}\right]$. For all $n \geq 1$, define $$ \frac{L_n(q)}{q{n-1}} = \sum_{d|n}\sum_{k\in \mathbb{Z}} \boldsymbol{1}{\mathcal{L}{n,k}}\left(\ln d\right) \,qk, $$ where $\boldsymbol{1}_{A}(x)$ is the characteristic function of the set $A$. Let $\sigma(n)$ be sum of divisors of $n$. We will prove that $\textbf{A002324}(n) = 4\,\sigma(n) - 3\,L_n(1)$ and $\textbf{A096936}(n) = L_n(-1)$, which are well-known multiplicative functions related to the number of representations of $n$ by a given quadratic form.

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