Better local hidden variable models for two-qubit Werner states and an upper bound on the Grothendieck constant $K_G(3)$

Abstract: We consider the problem of reproducing the correlations obtained by arbitrary local projective measurements on the two-qubit Werner state $\rho = v |\psi_- &gt; &lt;\psi_- | + (1- v ) \frac{1}{4}$ via a local hidden variable (LHV) model, where $|\psi_- &gt;$ denotes the singlet state. We show analytically that these correlations are local for $v = 999\times689\times{10<sup>{-6}}$ $\cos^4(\pi/50) \simeq 0.6829$. In turn, as this problem is closely related to a purely mathematical one formulated by Grothendieck, our result implies a new bound on the Grothendieck constant $K_G(3) \leq 1/v \simeq 1.4644$. We also present a LHV model for reproducing the statistics of arbitrary POVMs on the Werner state for $v \simeq 0.4553$. The techniques we develop can be adapted to construct LHV models for other entangled states, as well as bounding other Grothendieck constants.