Extended scaling and residual flavor symmetry in the neutrino Majorana mass matrix

Abstract: The residual symmetry approach, along with a complex extension for some flavor invariance, is a powerful tool to uncover the flavor structure of the $3\times3$ neutrino Majorana mass matrix $M_\nu$ towards gaining insights into neutrino mixing. We utilize this to propose a complex extension of the real scaling ansatz for $M_\nu$ which was introduced some years ago. Unlike the latter, our proposal allows a nonzero mass for each of the three light neutrinos as well as a nonvanishing $\theta_{13}$. A major result of this scheme is that leptonic Dirac CP-violation must be maximal while atmospheric neutrino mixing need not be exactly maximal. Moreover, each of the two allowed Majorana phases, to be probed by the search for nuclear $0\nu \beta\beta$ decay, has to be at one of its two CP-conserving values. There are other interesting consequences such as the allowed occurrence of a normal mass ordering which is not favored by the real scaling ansatz. Our predictions will be tested in ongoing and future neutrino oscillation experiments at T2K, NO$\nu$A and DUNE.