Bulk-edge correspondence in topological pumping

Abstract: The topological pumping [1-3] is revisited from a view point of the bulk-edge correspondence. Shift of the center of mass (CM) as a pumped charge is explicitly given by the Berry connection in time direction. We show that observed pumping is due to the bulk, but its quantization is guaranteed by singular motion of the CM caused by edge states. This is the bulk-edge correspondence in the topological pumping. A gauge invariant form of the pumped charge is proposed by the temporal gauge and is used to establish this bulk-edge correspondence.