Scheme for on-chip verification of transverse mode entanglement using the electro-optic effect

Abstract: A key ingredient in emerging quantum-enhanced technologies is the ability to coherently manipulate and detect superpositions of basis states. In integrated optics implementations, transverse spatial modes supported by multimode structures offer an attractive carrier of quantum superpositions. Here we propose an integrated dynamic mode converter based on the electro-optic effect in nonlinear channel waveguides for deterministic transformations between mutually non-orthogonal bases of spatial modes. We theoretically show its capability to demonstrate a violation of a Bell-type Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality by measuring spatially mode-entangled photon pairs generated by an integrated photon pair source. The proposed configuration, numerically studied for the potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) material, can be easily implemented using standard integrated optical fabrication technology.