Inverse design and demonstration of a compact and broadband on-chip wavelength demultiplexer

Abstract: Integrated photonic devices are poised to play a key role in a wide variety of applications, ranging from optical interconnects and sensors to quantum computing. However, only a small library of semi-analytically designed devices are currently known. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of an inverse design method that explores the full design space of fabricable devices and allows us to design devices with previously unattainable functionality, higher performance and robustness, and smaller footprints compared to conventional devices. We designed a silicon wavelength demultiplexer that splits $1300~\mathrm{nm}$ and $1550~\mathrm{nm}$ light from an input waveguide into two output waveguides, and fabricated and characterized several devices. The devices display low insertion loss $\left(2 - 4~\mathrm{dB}\right)$, high contrast $\left(12 - 17~\mathrm{dB}\right)$, and wide bandwidths $\left(\sim 100~\mathrm{nm} \right)$. The device footprint is $2.8 \times 2.8 ~\mathrm{\mu m}$, making this the smallest dielectric wavelength splitter to date.