A New Analytical Solution to the Relativistic Polytropic Fluid Spheres

Abstract: This paper introduces an accelerated power series solution for Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation, which represents the relativistic polytropic fluid spheres. We constructed a recurrence relation for the series coefficients in the power series expansion of the solution of TOV equation. For the range of the polytropic index 0<=n<=0.5, the series converges for all values of the relativistic parameters (sigma), but it diverges for larger polytropic index. To accelerate the convergence radii of the series, we first used Pad\'e approximation. It is found that the series is converged for the range 0<=n<=1.5 for all values of sigma. For n>1.5, the series diverges except for some values of sigma. To improve the convergence radii of the series, we used a combination of two techniques Euler-Abel transformation and Pad\'e approximation. The new transformed series converges everywhere for the range of the polytropic index 0<=n<=3. Comparison between the results obtained by the proposed accelerating scheme presented here and the numerical one, revealed good agreement with maximum relative error is of order 0.001.