Spectral Design for Matrix Hamiltonians: Different Methods of Constructing of a Matrix Intertwining Operator

Abstract: We study intertwining relations for $n\times n$ matrix non-Hermitian, in general, one-dimensional Hamiltonians by $n\times n$ matrix linear differential operators with nondegenerate coefficients at $d/dx$ in the highest degree. Some methods of constructing of $n\times n$ matrix intertwining operator of the first order of general form are proposed and their interrelation is examined. As example we construct $2\times2$ matrix Hamiltonian of general form intertwined by operator of the first order with the Hamiltonian with zero matrix potential. It is shown that one can add for the final $2\times2$ matrix Hamiltonian with respect to the initial matrix Hamiltonian with the help of intertwining operator of the first order either up to two bound states for different energy values or up to two bound states described by vector-eigenfunctions for the same energy value or up to two bound states described by vector-eigenfunction and associated vector-function for the same energy value.