A Scanning, All-Fiber Sagnac Interferometer for High Resolution Magneto-Optic Measurements at 820 nm

Abstract: The Sagnac Interferometer has historically been used for detecting non-reciprocal phenomena, such as rotation. We demonstrate an apparatus in which this technique is employed for high resolution measurements of the Magneto-Optical Polar Kerr effect--a direct indicator of magnetism. Previous designs have incorporated free-space components which are bulky and difficult to align. We improve upon this technique by using all fiber-optic coupled components and demonstrate operation at a new wavelength, 820 nm, with which we can achieve better than 1 $\mu$rad resolution. Mounting the system on a piezo-electric scanner allows us to acquire diffraction limited images with 1.5 $\mu$m spatial resolution. We also provide extensive discussion on the details and of the Sagnac Interferometer's construction.