Nucleon decay via dimension-6 operators in $E_6 \times SU(2)_F \times U(1)_A$ SUSY GUT model

Abstract: In the previous paper, we have shown that $R_1\equiv\frac{\Gamma_{n \rightarrow \pi^0 + \nu^c}}{\Gamma_{p \rightarrow \pi^0 + e^c}}$ and $R_2\equiv\frac{\Gamma_{p \rightarrow K^0 + \mu^c}}{\Gamma_{p \rightarrow \pi^0 + e^c}}$ can identify the grand unification group $SU(5)$, $SO(10)$, or $E_6$ in typical anomalous $U(1)_A$ supersymmetric (SUSY) grand unified theory (GUT) in which nucleon decay via dimension-6 operators becomes dominant. When $R_1 > 0.4$ the grand unification group is not $SU(5)$, while when $R_1 > 1$ the grand unification group is $E_6$. Moreover, when $R_2 > 0.3$, $E_6$ is implied. Main ambiguities come from the diagonalizing matrices for quark and lepton mass matrices in this calculation once we fix the vacuum expectation values of GUT Higgs bosons. In this paper, we calculate $R_1$ and $R_2$ in $E_6\times SU(2)_F$ SUSY GUT with anomalous $U(1)_A$ gauge symmetry, in which realistic quark and lepton masses and mixings can be obtained though the flavor symmetry $SU(2)_F$ constrains Yukawa couplings at the GUT scale. The ambiguities of Yukawa couplings are expected to be reduced. We show that the predicted region for $R_1$ and $R_2$ is more restricted than in the $E_6$ model without $SU(2)_F$ as expected. Moreover, we re-examine the previous claim for the identification of grand unification group with $100$ times more model points ($10^6$ model points), including $E_6 \times SU(2)_F$ model.