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Cohomologie non ramifiée et conjecture de Hodge entière

Published 16 May 2010 in math.AG | (1005.2778v2)

Abstract: Building upon the Bloch-Kato conjecture in Milnor K-theory, we relate the third unramified cohomology group with Q/Z coefficients with a group which measures the failure of the integral Hodge conjecture in degree 4. As a first consequence, a geometric theorem of the second-named author implies that the third unramified cohomology group with Q/Z coefficients vanishes on all uniruled threefolds. As a second consequence, a 1989 example by Ojanguren and the first named author implies that the integral Hodge conjecture in degree 4 fails for unirational varieties of dimension at least 6. For certain classes of threefolds fibered over a curve, we establish a relation between the integral Hodge conjecture and the computation of the index of the generic fibre. En nous appuyant sur la conjecture de Bloch-Kato en K-th\'eorie de Milnor, nous \'etablissons un lien g\'en\'eral entre le d\'efaut de la conjecture de Hodge enti`ere pour la cohomologie de degr\'e 4 et le troisi`eme groupe de cohomologie non ramifi\'e `a coefficients Q/Z. Ceci permet de montrer que sur un solide unir\'egl\'e le troisi`eme groupe de cohomologie non ramifi\'e `a coefficients Q/Z s'annule, ce que la K-th\'eorie alg\'ebrique ne permet d'obtenir que dans certains cas. Ceci permet `a l'inverse de d\'eduire d'exemples ayant leur source en K-th\'eorie que la conjecture de Hodge enti`ere pour la cohomologie de degr\'e 4 peut ^etre en d\'efaut pour les vari\'et\'es rationnellement connexes. Pour certaines familles `a un param`etre de surfaces, on \'etablit un lien entre la conjecture de Hodge enti`ere et l'indice de la fibre g\'en\'erique.

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