Satellite-geometry dependence of STEVE-induced GNSS fluctuations

Determine why not all GNSS satellites crossing the region of STEVE manifestation experience signal fluctuations, including how satellite-crossing geometry, STEVE-front motion, and receiver characteristics contribute to the observed variability.

Background

The study observes that GNSS satellites intersecting the STEVE arc perpendicularly exhibit stronger phase and amplitude scintillation than satellites that pass tangentially. However, several satellites crossing the region of STEVE manifestation do not show comparable signal fluctuations. The authors suggest that observational geometry, gradients within STEVE, motion of the STEVE front, the location along the arc, and differences in scintillation-receiver sensitivity may all contribute to this discrepancy.

Resolving this question is important for understanding the conditions under which STEVE-related plasma irregularities affect trans-ionospheric radio propagation and for assessing the predictability of GNSS degradation during otherwise quiet geomagnetic conditions.