Systematic configurations of paper-to-patent citation dimensions

Characterize whether represented technical content, citation motivation, textual position, and evaluative stance form systematic and recurring configurations in paper-to-patent citations within AI-related PubMed Central articles.

Background

The paper argues that paper-to-patent citations can differ substantially in what they represent, why a patent is cited, where the citation appears in the article, and how the cited technology is evaluated. Existing descriptive evidence on citation location and frequency does not establish how these dimensions relate to one another.

The unresolved issue is whether these four citation dimensions combine into recurring, systematic configurations. Establishing such configurations would support more precise interpretation of paper-to-patent citations beyond treating them as undifferentiated bibliographic links.