Origin of the Sub-THz Component in Solar Flares

Explain the physical origin of the sub-terahertz (sub-THz) emission component observed during solar flares by integrating submillimetre/millimetre diagnostics with theoretical modeling of particle acceleration and radiative processes.

Background

Solar flares exhibit a bright sub-THz emission component that is localized to active regions. The mechanism producing this component is unresolved and has significant implications for understanding flare energetics and particle acceleration in the lower solar atmosphere.

The authors explicitly identify this as a persistent puzzle, emphasizing the need for submillimetre observations to constrain models and determine the emission mechanism.