Origin of ARPES Dirac cones in TBTANG/Au(111) honeycomb–kagome COF

Determine whether the Dirac cone observed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in the mesoscale honeycomb–kagome covalent organic framework formed by tribromotrioxaazatriangulene (TBTANG) molecules on an Au(111) surface originates from the kagome sublattice or from the honeycomb sublattice, by attributing the measured Dirac dispersion to a specific lattice-derived band.

Background

A mesoscale honeycomb–kagome lattice was grown from TBTANG molecules on Au(111) under UHV, where ARPES revealed both a Dirac cone and a flat band. Since honeycomb lattices can also generate Dirac cones, distinguishing whether the observed Dirac dispersion is due to the kagome part or the honeycomb part of the structure is essential for interpreting the band topology and for validating kagome-specific physics in this COF system.