Modified sublattice (and tower) Weak Gravity Conjecture in four dimensions

Characterize and validate the modified formulation of the sublattice Weak Gravity Conjecture and the tower Weak Gravity Conjecture in four spacetime dimensions, accounting for large logarithmic loop corrections.

Background

The authors emphasize that stronger forms of the WGC—such as the sublattice and tower versions—are sensitive to dimension. In D=4, loop effects can introduce large logarithms, requiring a modification of these conjectures. While their results apply cleanly in D≥5, the correct D=4 formulation remains conjectural and modified relative to higher-dimensional cases.