Lower-bound conjecture for minimal presentations of embedding-dimension-four numerical semigroups

Prove that every numerical semigroup $S$ with embedding dimension four satisfies $\eta(S)\geq t(S)+1$, where $t(S)$ is its type and $\eta(S)$ is the cardinality of a minimal presentation.

Background

The paper proves the general bounds 4t(S)+5≥η(S)≥t(S)−114t(S)+5\geq \eta(S)\geq t(S)-11 for numerical semigroups of embedding dimension four. The authors state that the lower bound can most likely be improved and formulate the stronger inequality η(S)≥t(S)+1\eta(S)\geq t(S)+1 as a conjecture.

The conjecture is motivated by the absence of known embedding-dimension-four examples with η(S)≤t(S)\eta(S)\leq t(S) and by several examples attaining equality η(S)=t(S)+1\eta(S)=t(S)+1. The authors explicitly qualify the proposed inequality as conjectural rather than established.

References

To improve the bound $\eta(S) \geq t(S)-11$, we propose the following conjecture. If $S$ is a numerical semigroup with $e(S) = 4$, then $\eta(S) \geq t(S) +1$.

— The type and cardinality of minimal presentations of numerical semigroups with embedding dimension four  (2609.04000 - Chomicz, 3 Sep 2026) in Conjecture 1, Section 5, Closing remarks