Mechanism limiting transfer to large wavelengths in wave tanks and its impact on extreme events

Identify the physical mechanism that limits the transfer of wave action to large wavelengths in laboratory wave tanks and determine how this cutoff affects the generation of extreme events (rogue waves).

Background

The authors note that while inverse cascade could enhance energy accumulation at large scales in surface gravity waves, laboratory wave-tank observations report limited inverse cascade, and the commonly used JONSWAP spectrum is relatively narrow.

Understanding any mechanism that restricts transfer to long wavelengths is crucial to evaluating how extreme events form in controlled settings and how those conditions differ from oceanic environments.