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√n-space lower bound for single-pass streaming Max-AND (k=3)

Prove that for every ε > 0, any single-pass streaming algorithm that outputs a (2/9 + ε)-approximation to Max-CSP with predicate family Π = {AND ∘ Not_b : b ∈ {0,1}^3} must use Ω(√n) bits of memory.

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Background

BHP+22, building on CGSV24, established that for the 3-variable AND-with-negations CSP, there is an O(log n)-space sketch achieving (2/9 − ε)-approximation, and any sketch achieving (2/9 + ε) requires Ω(√n) space. This conjecture seeks to extend that lower bound from sketching algorithms to general single-pass streaming algorithms.

References

A natural follow-up conjecture (which did appear in [BHP+22]) is the following: Conjecture For every ε > 0, every single-pass streaming algorithms which (2/9+ε)-approximates Max uses Ω(√ n) space.

Nine lower bound conjectures on streaming approximation algorithms for CSPs (2510.10714 - Singer, 12 Oct 2025) in Conjecture (label: conj:sqrt-n:3and), Section 6 (More o(√n)-space streaming lower bounds)