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Tight bound for k-connected orientations: is f(k) = 2k?

Determine whether every 2k-connected graph admits a k-connected orientation; that is, prove or refute that the minimum connectivity threshold f(k) for guaranteeing a k-connected orientation equals 2k.

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Background

Nash-Williams showed that 2k-edge-connectivity suffices for k-arc-connected orientations. Thomassen conjectured an analogous vertex-connectivity threshold f(k). It is known that f(1)=2 and f(2)=4; the present paper proves f(k) ≤ 320k2, but the exact threshold remains unknown.

The natural lower bound is 2k; whether this is tight is a longstanding problem in orientation theory.

References

The bound on $f(k)$ given by Theorem \ref{theorem:main2} is probably far from being tight. In particular, it is still open whether $f(k) = 2k$ holds.

Rigidity of Graphs and Frameworks: A Matroid Theoretic Approach (2508.11636 - Cruickshank et al., 29 Jul 2025) in Applications — Orientations and packings of graphs