Reflexive, Hilbert-space, and analytic-semigroup validity of the failed implications

Determine whether any of the implications that fail for general strongly continuous semigroups on non-reflexive Banach spaces become valid when the state space is reflexive or Hilbert, or when the semigroup is analytic.

Background

The paper establishes a hierarchy connecting exponential detectability, dissipation- and implication-form eOSS Lyapunov functions, eOSS, and exponential zero-detectability. Several converse implications fail in general, with counterexamples involving strongly continuous semigroups on non-reflexive Banach spaces. The authors explicitly leave unresolved whether these counterexamples persist, or whether some of the failed implications are restored, under stronger structural assumptions such as reflexivity, a Hilbert state space, or analyticity of the semigroup.

References

The question of whether some of the implications can be valid in the case of reflexive Banach spaces, Hilbert spaces, or if the semigroup is analytic, remains open as well.

— From detectability of abstract linear systems to exponential output-to-state stability and back  (2609.35735 - Chen et al., 28 Sep 2026) in Outlook, Introduction