General Real Multiplication Values Conjecture

Prove that for any real quadratic irrational \(\rho\) with non-square discriminant \(\Delta=b^2-4ac\), any \(\mathbf{r} \in \mathbb{Q}^2 \setminus \mathbb{Z}^2\), and any \(A \in \Gamma_\mathbf{r}\) fixing \(\rho\), the special value \(\shin^\mathbf{r}_{A}(\rho)\) is an algebraic unit in an abelian Galois extension of \(\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{\Delta})\), and that for any Galois automorphism \(g\) with \(g(\sqrt{\Delta}) = -\sqrt{\Delta}\), one has \(|g(\shin^\mathbf{r}_{A}(\rho))| = 1\).

Background

This is the strongest RMVC, extending the fundamental case to all non-square discriminants. It predicts that Shintani–Faddeev cocycle values are algebraic units in abelian extensions of the associated real quadratic field and have unit absolute value under the nontrivial Galois action. It is implied by the Monoid Stark Conjecture and is not currently known to follow from Stark–Tate.

References

Conjecture [General Real Multiplication Values Conjecture] Let \rho \in \R such that a\rho2 + b\rho + c = 0 with a,b,c \in \Z and \Delta = b2-4ac is not a square. Let \r \in \Q2 \setminus \Z2 and A \in \Gamma_\r such that A \cdot \rho = \rho. Then: (1) \shin\r_{!A}(\rho) is an algebraic unit in an abelian Galois extension of \Q(\sqrt{\Delta}). (2) If g \in \Gal(\ol{\Q}/\Q) such that g(\sqrt{\Delta}) = -\sqrt{\Delta}, then \abs{g(\shin\r_{!A}(\rho))}=1.

— A Constructive Approach to Zauner's Conjecture via the Stark Conjectures  (2501.03970 - Appleby et al., 7 Jan 2025) in Conjecture 2.20, Section 2.6 (The main conjectures)

We conjecture that these higher elliptic units are algebraic units which belong to prescribed abelian extensions of the base field where they are evaluated and that they satisfy a Kronecker limit formula which relates the logarithm of their modulus to values of derivatives of partial zeta functions at s = 0 in the base field.

— Geometric families of multiple elliptic Gamma functions and arithmetic applications, III  (2610.12169 - Morain, 8 Oct 2026) in Main Conjecture, Section 3.1; see also the abstract and Section 2.2