Dice Question Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com

Exact initiating causes of ENSO warm and cool events

Determine the exact initiating causes of El Niño and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warm and cool events.

Information Square Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com

Background

The authors analyze the information transfer between NINO34 (East Central Tropical Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly) and SOI (Southern Oscillation Index) as a case paper to quantify dyadic versus high-order effects in climate indices. They note that ENSO is the most prominent interannual climate variability, yet its initiating mechanisms are not fully understood.

This unresolved question motivates applying their TE decomposition to better characterize the relationships between key ENSO components while acknowledging that the fundamental initiating causes remain unknown.

References

Since the exact initiating causes of an ENSO warm or cool event are not fully understood, it is important to analyze the statistical relation between the two components of ENSO—atmospheric pressure (SOI) and SST (NINO34).

— Disentangling high order effects in the transfer entropy (2402.03229 - Stramaglia et al., 5 Feb 2024) in Application to climatology case study, first paragraph