Determine the complete correct theory of the world Ω

Determine the complete correct theory of the world Ω by specifying the underlying space of states W and the associated Markovian time-evolution law E_Ω that accurately describe the dynamics of reality.

Background

In the paper’s Setup section, the authors introduce an abstract framework in which the world is described by a theory Ω consisting of a space of states W and a Markovian evolution rule. They explicitly note that the complete correct theory of the world is not presently known and therefore work with this abstract representation to analyze emergence in terms of states and dynamics.

This unknown serves as a foundational assumption for the rest of the paper: it motivates the introduction of micro and macro theories (α and β) and the exploration of emergence relations between them, without committing to a specific fundamental theory. The open problem concerns identifying the actual complete and correct theory Ω that the authors treat as a placeholder in their formalism.