Determine whether the cryptographic accountability game captures broader accountability

Determine whether the cryptographic accountability game defined by Wrotniak et al. achieves accountability in a broader sense beyond its PKI-specific formulation.

Background

The paper compares its protocol-agnostic accountability definition with a cryptographic game previously proposed for PKI schemes. That game guarantees, at most, that some responsible certificate authority can be identified, while it does not ensure that the identified party is genuinely responsible or that all responsible parties are identified.

The authors explicitly leave unresolved whether this narrower game-based notion captures accountability in the broader sense used in their analysis, which includes correctly identifying every causally responsible participant and excluding innocent parties.

References

Secondly, because the game requirement is so specific, it is not clear whether it achieves accountability in a broader sense.

Accountability in Certificate Transparency and Variants  (2609.11552 - Treitz et al., 10 Sep 2026) in Section 7, Related Work, subsection “Cryptographic analyses of CT”