Coordination of visual feedback responses across coactivated muscles

Determine how the nervous system distributes and coordinates subcortical and cortical visual feedback responses (SLRvisual and LLRvisual) across coactivated agonist and antagonist muscles during upper-limb tasks involving visual perturbations such as cursor jumps.

Background

Visual feedback is processed via subcortical pathways (e.g., superior colliculus) producing SLRvisual and cortical pathways producing LLRvisual, both capable of task-dependent modulation.

Past work often focused on pre-loaded agonists or single-muscle responses and largely neglected coactivation, leaving open how visuomotor responses are distributed and coordinated across simultaneously active agonist and antagonist muscles.