Existence of finite-prime context-free non-FSRP examples

Construct a context-free fixed-observation pair $(L,h)$ that is $h$-substitutable and unit-separated, has finite relative prime spectrum, and fails the finite-state relative presentation property (FSRP), or determine whether FSRP necessarily holds under these hypotheses.

Background

The paper proves that, under context-freeness, h-substitutability, and finite relative prime spectrum, every correct-return language is context-free. However, valid-return languages are obtained by factor-minimalization through a language difference, and context-free languages are not closed under difference.

All explicit finite-prime examples in the paper satisfy FSRP, including the wrapped nonregular context-free example. Thus the authors leave unresolved whether a canonical valid right-hand-side language can be nonregular under the stated hypotheses.

References

Does there exist a context-free fixed-$h$ pair $(L,h)$ that is $h$-substitutable and unit-separated, has finite relative prime spectrum, but fails FSRP? Equivalently, can some canonical valid right-hand-side language $Val_P$ be nonregular under these hypotheses? We are not aware of such an example.

Relative Prime Factorization and Finite-State Presentations under Fixed Finite-Monoid Observation  (2609.03643 - Kuriyama, 3 Sep 2026) in Section 13, “Open problems and next steps,” Question: Existence of non-FSRP finite-prime examples