Two-path obstruction characterization
Determine whether the forbidden-induced-subgraph characterization of bounded shrub-depth remains valid when the obstruction family of flipped $3P_t$ is replaced by flipped $2P_t$; equivalently, establish whether every hereditary graph class of unbounded shrub-depth contains arbitrarily large flipped $H_t$ or a flipped $2P_t$ as an induced subgraph.
References
It remains open whether the theorem also holds for~$2P_t$, but we know it fails for~$1P_t$, as every graph on~$t$ vertices is a flipped~$1P_t$.
— Forbidden Induced Subgraphs for Bounded Shrub-Depth and the Expressive Power of MSO
(2501.13903 - Mählmann, 23 Jan 2025) in Section 1, subsection “Forbidden Induced Subgraphs”