BCNF Reasoning and Recognition of Already-Normalized Schemas

Develop methods that correctly reason about BCNF violations involving candidate keys and non-superkey determinants and that recognize already-normalized schemas without introducing unnecessary decompositions.

Background

The evaluation shows that the framework continues to struggle with BCNF-only inputs, which require reasoning about candidate keys and non-superkey determinants. It also makes unnecessary decomposition errors on NONE inputs, even when no normalization is required. The paper states that both capabilities remain unresolved and are not addressed adequately by intermediate validation alone.

References

BCNF reasoning and recognizing already-normalized schemas remain unresolved.

— Can LLMs Normalize Databases? A Benchmark and Multi-Agent Framework for Schema Normalization  (2609.11141 - Koh et al., 10 Sep 2026) in Limitations