Applicability of C and S displacements to other grain-boundary structures

Establish whether the column-shift (C) and screw-shift (S) atomic displacements identified for compact Sigma3, Sigma11, and their junction configurations also apply to other grain-boundary structures in nanoparticles.

Background

The paper identifies column shift (C) and screw shift (S) as recurring elementary atomic displacements governing the evolution of compact Sigma3 and Sigma11 grain boundaries and their junctions. These displacements account for migration, structural transformation, and junction evolution in the nanoparticle simulations examined.

The authors explicitly limit their demonstrated results to compact Sigma3, Sigma11, and related junction configurations. Whether the same displacement description remains valid for other grain-boundary structures is left unresolved, motivating further characterization across a broader range of nanoparticle boundaries.