Analysis of Bootstrapping-Based Critic Estimates

Analyze the convergence of the single-loop, entropy-regularized, uncentered Natural Actor-Critic algorithm when the critic uses bootstrapping-based Temporal-Difference estimates instead of unbiased Monte Carlo estimates.

Background

The main theoretical analysis assumes that the critic receives an unbiased estimate of the regularized action-value function, which can be obtained using geometrically stopped Monte Carlo rollouts. The paper also describes a Temporal-Difference alternative based on bootstrapping, but notes that this introduces approximation bias into the critic update.

No convergence analysis is provided for the bootstrapping-based estimator. Establishing guarantees for this practically important variant would require controlling the resulting bias jointly with actor updates, critic tracking, entropy regularization, and the deterministic-regime geometry.

References

While our theoretical analysis assumes unbiased Monte Carlo estimates to isolate the core dynamics, we leave the study of bootstrapping estimates to future work.

Unregularized Convergence of Single-Loop, Entropy-Regularized Natural Actor-Critic  (2608.19587 - Tan, 20 Aug 2026) in Section 2.1, Uncentered Natural Actor-Critic Algorithm