Optimal Power Flow in Renewable-Integrated Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract: This paper explores the integration of renewable energy sources into power systems, highlighting the resulting complexities such as variability and intermittency that challenge traditional power flow dynamics. We delve into innovative Optimal Power Flow (OPF) strategies designed to manage the unpredictability of renewable sources while ensuring economically viable and stable grid operations. A thorough review of state-of-the-art OPF algorithms, particularly those that enhance systems with substantial renewable integration, is presented. The discussion spans fundamental OPF principles, adaptations to renewable energies, and categorization of the latest advancements in areas such as energy uncertainty management, energy storage integration, linearization techniques application, and data-driven strategy utilization. Each sector's application benefits and limitations are critically analyzed. The paper concludes by pinpointing ongoing challenges and suggesting future research trajectories to foster adaptable and robust power system operations in the renewable-dominant energy era.