High-rate Generation and State Tomography of Non-Gaussian Quantum States for Ultra-fast Clock Frequency Quantum Processors

Abstract: Quantum information processors greatly benefit from high clock frequency to fully harnessing the quantum advantages before they get washed out by the decoherence. In this pursuit, all-optical systems offer unique advantages due to their inherent 100 THz carrier frequency, permitting one to develop THz clock frequency processors. In practice, the bandwidth of the quantum light sources and the measurement devices has been limited to the MHz range and the generation rate of nonclassical states to kHz order -- a tiny fraction of what can be achieved. In this work, we go beyond this limitation by utilizing optical parametric amplifier (OPA) as a squeezed-light source and optical phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSA) to realize high-rate generation of broadband non-Gaussian states and their quantum tomography. Our state generation and measurement system consists of a 6-THz squeezed-light source, a 6-THz PSA, and a 66-GHz homodyne detector. With this system, we have successfully demonstrated non-Gaussian state generation at a 0.9 MHz rate -- almost three orders of magnitude higher than the current state-of-the-art experiments -- with a sub-nanosecond wave packet using continuous-wave laser. The performance is constrained only by the superconducting detector's jitter which currently limits the usable bandwidth of the squeezed light to 1 GHz, rather than the optical and electronic systems. Therefore, if we can overcome the limitation of the timing jitter of superconducting detector, non-Gaussian state generation and detection at GHz rate, or even THz rate, for optical quantum processors might be possible with OPAs.