SD-WAN over MPLS: A Comprehensive Performance Analysis and Security with Insights into the Future of SD-WAN

Abstract: Software-defined wide area network (SD-WAN) enhances network traffic management, while Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) offers efficient data transmission. This paper analyzes SD-WAN over MPLS in the Housing Bank, a major Algerian financial institution. We deploy FortiGate for the SD-WAN solution, comparing it to traditional MPLS and direct internet access across metrics like bandwidth, latency, jitter, packet loss, throughput, and quality of service (QoS). Security measures include encryption, firewall, intrusion prevention, web filtering, antivirus, and addressing threats like spoofing, DoS attacks, and unauthorized access. We explore future trends such as SASE architecture, AI/ML integration, and emerging transport methods. SD-WAN over MPLS proves advantageous, offering enhanced performance, security, and flexibility. Recommendations include ongoing performance monitoring and research.