Searching for GUT-scale QCD Axions and Monopoles with a High Voltage Capacitor (2306.13320v2)

Abstract: The QCD axion has been postulated to exist because it solves the strong CP problem. Furthermore, if it exists axions should be created in the early Universe and could account for all the observed dark matter. In particular, axion masses of order $10^{-10}$ to $10^{-7}$ eV correspond to axions in the vicinity of the GUT-scale. In this mass range many experiments have been proposed to search for the axion through the standard QED coupling parameter $g_{a\gamma\gamma}$. Recently axion electrodynamics has been expanded to include two more coupling parameters, $g_{aEM}$ and $g_{aMM}$, which could arise if heavy magnetic monopoles exist. In this work we show that both $g_{aMM}$ and $g_{aEM}$ may be searched for using a high voltage capacitor. Since the experiment is not sensitive to $g_{a\gamma\gamma}$, it gives a new way to search for effects of heavy monopoles if the GUT-scale axion is shown to exist, or to simultaneously search for both the axion and the monopole at the same time.