Automatic ICD-10 Code Association: A Challenging Task on French Clinical Texts

Abstract: Automatically associating ICD codes with electronic health data is a well-known NLP task in medical research. NLP has evolved significantly in recent years with the emergence of pre-trained LLMs based on Transformers architecture, mainly in the English language. This paper adapts these models to automatically associate the ICD codes. Several neural network architectures have been experimented with to address the challenges of dealing with a large set of both input tokens and labels to be guessed. In this paper, we propose a model that combines the latest advances in NLP and multi-label classification for ICD-10 code association. Fair experiments on a Clinical dataset in the French language show that our approach increases the $F_1$-score metric by more than 55\% compared to state-of-the-art results.