What If Memory Information is Stored Inside the Neuron, Instead of in the Synapse?

Abstract: Memory information in the brain is commonly believed to be stored in the synapse. However, a recent groundbreaking electrophysiology research has raised the possibility that memory information may actually be stored inside the neuron itself. Drawing on information theory and communications system engineering perspectives, we examine the problem of how memory information might be transmitted reliably between neurons. We identify 2 types of errors that affect neuronal communications (i.e., channel error and source error), along with plausible error mitigation solutions. We confirm the feasibility of these solutions using simulations. Four alternative hypotheses of the synapse's function are also proposed. We conclude by highlighting some research directions, along with potential areas of application.