Magnetic-Field-Induced Odd-Frequency Superconductivity in MgB$_2$

Abstract: In all known superconductors the pairing of fermions is not sensitive to the sign of their time-argument difference, leading to a Cooper pair wavefunction that is even in time/frequency. Four decades ago it was suggested that odd-frequency superconductivity should in principle be realizable. However, observation of odd-frequency superconductivity in bulk materials has remained elusive. Solving the field-dependent anisotropic Eliashberg equations, we present \textit{ab initio} evidence for the emergence of odd-frequency pairing under an applied magnetic field in the archetypal superconductor MgB$_2$. We provide the full momentum, frequency and spin resolved dependence and magnetic field-temperature phase diagrams of the even and odd-frequency superconducting pair amplitudes and predict fingerprints of the odd-frequency state in tunnelling experiments.