Kac's Program and Relative Entropy Decay for Nonlinear Spin-Exchange Dynamics (2511.05223v1)

Abstract: We introduce and analyze a nonlinear exchange dynamics for Ising spin systems with arbitrary interactions. The evolution is governed by a quadratic Boltzmann-type equation that conserves the mean magnetization. Collisions are encoded through a spin-exchange kernel chosen so that the dynamics converge to the Ising model with the prescribed interaction and mean magnetization profile determined by the initial state. We prove a general convergence theorem, valid for any interaction and any transport kernel. Moreover, we show that, for sufficiently weak interactions, the system relaxes exponentially fast to equilibrium in relative entropy, with optimal decay rate independent of the initial condition. The proof relies on establishing a strong version of the Kac program from kinetic theory. In particular, we show that the associated Kac particle system satisfies a modified logarithmic Sobolev inequality with constants uniform in the number of particles. This is achieved by adapting the method of stochastic localization to the present conservative setting.