The Quantified Body: Identity, Empowerment, and Control in Smart Wearables (2506.15991v2)

Abstract: In an era where the body is increasingly translated into streams of biometric data, smart wearables have become not merely tools of personal health tracking but infrastructures of predictive governance. This paper examines how wearable technologies reconfigure bodily autonomy by embedding users within feedback-driven systems of self-surveillance, data extraction, and algorithmic control. Drawing on Deleuze's concept of the control society, Zuboff's theory of surveillance capitalism, and Couldry and Mejias's notion of data colonialism, I argue that smart wearables shift the discourse of health empowerment toward a modality of compliance aligned with neoliberal values of productivity, efficiency, and self-discipline. Rather than offering transparent consent, these technologies operate within what scholars describe as a post-consent regime -- where asymmetrical data relations are normalized through seamless design and behavioral nudging. Through interdisciplinary analysis, the paper further explores alternative trajectories for wearable design and governance, from historical examples of care-centered devices to contemporary anti-extractive practices and collective data justice frameworks. Ultimately, it calls for a paradigm shift from individual optimization to democratic accountability and structural reform in the governance of bodily data.