The Moufang Condition and Root Automorphisms for Spherical Buildings of Rank 3

Abstract: We give direct, geometric constructions for nontrivial root elations for rank $2$ residues of higher rank buildings $\Delta$ of type $\mathsf{B_n}, \mathsf{C_n}$ and $\mathsf{H_m}$ for $n \in \mathbb{N}$ and $m \in {3,4}$. We show that we can extend these to the ambient building in the case that $\Delta$ has type $\mathsf{B_n}$ or $\mathsf{C_n}$. With that, we obtain a different proof for the fact that buildings of type $\mathsf{B_n}$ and $\mathsf{C_n}$ are Moufang. This geometric approach enables us to gain more insight into the root groups associated to these buildings and we obtain new results; Namely, that certain root elations generically fix more points than we previously knew and that every root elation in each point residual can be written as an even self-projectivity. Concerning $\mathsf{H_m}$, we will be able to see in a novel way why thick, spherical buildings of type $\mathsf{H_m}$ cannot exist. Altogther, this provides an alternative proof for the fact that all thick, irreducible, spherical buildings $\Delta$ of rank 3 have the Moufang property.