Wonderful Compactification of a Cartan Subalgebra of a Semisimple Lie Algebra

Abstract: Let $\mathfrak h$ be a Cartan subalgebra of a complex semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak g.$ We define a compactification $\bar{\mathfrak h}$ of $\mathfrak h$, which is analogous to the closure $\bar H$ of the corresponding maximal torus $H$ in the adjoint group of $\mathfrak g$ in its wonderful compactification, which was introduced and studied by De Concini and Procesi \cite{DCP}. We determine the irreducible components of the boundary $\bar{\mathfrak h} - \mathfrak h$ of $\mathfrak h$ in terms of certain maximal root subsystems described by Borel-de Siebenthal theory. We prove that $\bar{\mathfrak h} - \mathfrak h$ is equidimensional, and we prove that $\bar{\mathfrak h}$ is a normal variety. As a consequence, we find an affine paving of $\bar{\mathfrak h}$, and when $\mathfrak g$ is classical, we determine the number of strata in each dimension in terms of Stirling numbers and their variants, thereby computing the Betti numbers of $\bar{\mathfrak h}.$ In the general case, we relate the order relation on strata given by closures of strata to the poset of hyperplane arrangements studied by Orlik and Solomon, and determine the cup product in the cohomology of $\bar{\mathfrak h}.$ Our work has similarities to results of Braden et al \cite{BHMPW} on matroid Schubert varieties, but the connection to root systems facilitates greater precision in some of our results.